[NTLUG:Discuss] Virtual Host in Apache (LONG)

[MadHat]

Keith From wrote:
> >

You may want to look at
http://www.apache.org/docs/vhosts/index.html

I will try to answer what I remember.

> 
> OK, this brings up another question about the "NameVirtualHost
> 209.223.22.92:80"
> 
> If I were to have 5 sites going under Apache, would i need to do
> something like this????
> 
> NameVirtualHost 209.223.22.92:80
> NameVirtualHost 209.223.22.93:80
> NameVirtualHost 209.223.22.94:80
> NameVirtualHost 209.223.22.95:80
> NameVirtualHost 209.223.22.96:80
> 

I haven't set it up this way before, with multiple NameVirtualHost
entries, but I think it will complain.  If you are wanting to use more
than 1 IP for multiple sets of virtual hosts, you may have to run
ddifferent instances of Apache.  I know you have have 1 set of virtual
hosts and the use IPs for other sites on the same apache, but not
multiple sets of VHs.  I didn't see anything about it in the docs.

> At this time, I only have 1 IP on this box, and I am running
> a Mail server from it(qmail)
> 
> this is what my httpd.conf file looks like at this time.
> Could you tell me what are all of these "LoadModule" files,
> "AddModule" files and the rest of this crap.  It looks like a lot of
> stuff that isnt needed. When looking at example httpd.conf files
> they all look simple and straight forward. This is the default
> httpd.conf file that was created when I installed RH6 and
> told the installation program to install Apache. I did not
> install and compile myself. I guess what I need to do is
> just create a new httpd.conf, point Apache to it, and start
> it off simple and expand on it from there and see what works, huh.
> 
> ####
> # Configuration dumper for Comanche. It can be configured, so the .conf is
> human friendly
> ####
> 
> LoadModule env_module         modules/mod_env.so
> ClearModuleList
> AddModule mod_env.c

Load module and add module is just like using modules in the Kernel. 
You can either compile them in or just have the modules available for
loading as needed.  These lines load them in at startup time.  Comment
out the ones you don't use.

> user nobody
> group nobody

Who the server runs as

> serveradmin webmaster at cbssolutions.com

whose email to show when there is an error

> ServerRoot /etc/httpd

server root helps determine where config files are primarily.  Other
directives cal also be set relitive to this setting.

> loglevel warn
> LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\""
> combined
> LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
> LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
> LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
> CustomLog logs/access_log common

Details on how to log what.  I won't go into details here.

> pidfile /var/run/httpd.pid
> ScoreBoardFile /var/run/httpd.scoreboard

locations of files to store data on the running server.

> UseCanonicalName on
> Timeout 300
> minspareservers 8
> maxspareservers 20
> startservers 10
> MaxClients 150
> maxrequestsperchild 100

Just details on how the server starts and how it manages connections.

> <Directory />
> AllowOverride None
> Options None
> </directory>

Start by locking everything down.  nothing is allowd from the root down,
so you have to specify where this are and what permissions they have.

> Alias /doc /usr/doc

Alias's say that http://domain/doc really is the directory /usr/doc
onthe system.

> <Directory /usr/doc>
> order deny,allow
> deny from all
> allow from localhost
> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
> </directory>

permissions on that directory

> DocumentRoot /files/www/cbs/pub/html/

where the default web site lives

> UserDir public_html

under the users home directory, what is the name of their web directory
so that when you go to http://domain/~user it looks in
/home/user/public_html for their website.

> DirectoryIndex index.html index.shtml index.cgi

what files to look for the directories to show instead of a file listing
(if Indexing is turned on)

> FancyIndexing on

allows the contents to be sorted by name, date, size and description (if
it is an HTML file, the desc is the title) it has to be compiled into
the build.

> defaulticon /icons/unknown.gif

If it doesn't know the file type use this icon

> ReadmeName README
> HeaderName HEADER

Display these when showing a directory without an index file.  HEADER is
the to README is at the bottom.

> IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS

What files to not show in a listing

> AccessFileName .htaccess

name of the file to look for specific access priviledges in a directory

> TypesConfig /etc/mime.types

where to pull the type and extensions

> DefaultType text/plain
> LanguagePriority en fr de
> Alias /icons/ /home/httpd/icons/
> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /files/www/cbs/pub/cgi-bin/

similar to alias, but it won't allow the listing (unless you turn it on)
and will allow scripts to be excuted by default

> servername CBS_Webserver

this one is ....

> browsermatch Mozilla/2 nokeepalive
> browsermatch {MSIE 4.0b2;} nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
> browsermatch {RealPlayer 4.0} force-response-1.0
> browsermatch Java/1.0 force-response-1.0
> browsermatch JDK/1.0 force-response-1.0

I don't know

> addtype text/html .shtml

add type is adding a mime type rather than adding it into the mime.types
file

> addencoding x-compress Z
> addencoding x-gzip gz
> addhandler server-parsed .shtml
> addhandler imap-file map
> addlanguage en .en
> addlanguage fr .fr
> addlanguage de .de
> addlanguage da .da
> addlanguage el .el
> addlanguage it .it
> addicon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe
> addicon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx
> addicon /icons/tar.gif .tar
> addicon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv
> addicon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip
> addicon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps
> addicon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf
> addicon /icons/text.gif .txt
> addicon /icons/c.gif .c
> addicon /icons/p.gif .pl .py
> addicon /icons/f.gif .for
> addicon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi
> addicon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu
> addicon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl
> addicon /icons/tex.gif .tex
> addicon /icons/bomb.gif core
> addicon /icons/back.gif ..
> addicon /icons/hand.right.gif README
> addicon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^
> addicon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^

setting up how to display indexes (the file listing)

> addiconbyencoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip
> addiconbytype (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*
> addiconbytype (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*
> addiconbytype (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*
> addiconbytype (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/*

additional itcons, more generalized

> <Directory /home >
> Options Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks
> AllowOverride None
> order allow,deny
> allow from all
> </directory>
> <directory "/files/www/cbs/pub/html">
> Options Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks
> AllowOverride None
> order allow,deny
> allow from all
> </directory>
> <directory "/files/www/cbs/pub/cgi-bin">
> AllowOverride None
> order allow,deny
> allow from all
> </directory>

Just setting the rights for these directories
As for the Options and AllowOveride, there are details in the conf
file.  You can set if a dir has access to excute scripts, list the
contents, etc...

> <VirtualHost 209.223.22.92>
> ServerAdmin webmaster at mail.cbssolutions.com
> DocumentRoot /files/www/testing/htdocs
> ServerName www.testing.com
> ErrorLog /files/www/testing/logs/error_log
> TransferLog /files/www/testing/logs/access_log
> <directory "/files/www/testing/htdocs">
> Options Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks
> AllowOverride None
> order allow,deny
> allow from all
> </directory>
> </virtualhost>

and the virtual host setttings, most of this is seen in other parts og
the config files

HTH

-- 
MadHat