[NTLUG:Discuss] Audio problem
Terry
trryhend at gmail.com
Fri Dec 2 11:18:28 CST 2005
I have a strange situation with sound on this machine. I'm not sure if
it's the sound card driver or what, but here are the symptoms:
Sounds play normally, most of the time, but sometimes sound or audio
files will not play. After next reboot, they play normal again.
And / or, they will play but wait 40 or 50 seconds or so and then play them.
I did some testing. I played some wav files and found that if I
played the same file over and over, it would play immediately after
issuing the command.
But, if I try to play a new or different one, (one that I haven't
played yet), it would hesitate for 40 or 50 seconds before playing it.
So I'm thinking I'm onto something, so I try using strace to see if I
can tell what's happening, what's causing the delay. I've dumped the
results below for anyone that wants to help me analyze this
information, but, it's interesting to note, that all of the
information below is spit out at once accept for the last couple
lines, after 40 or 50 seconds, the last few lines are displayed at the
same time as the audio file is played. The point at which the strace
output stops is at the first instance of "wait4(-1,"
In other words, the last line will be:
wait4(-1
there's a 40-50 second pause, the sound is played and the last few
lines of strace output are printed on the screen.
====================================================
$ strace play /usr/share/sounds/KDE_Window_Maximize.wav
execve("/usr/bin/play", ["play",
"/usr/share/sounds/KDE_Window_Maximize.wav"], [/* 33 vars */]) = 0
uname({sys="Linux", node="redhat.workgroup.live", ...}) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80e5b54
open("/etc/ld.so.preload", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=79760, ...}) = 0
old_mmap(NULL, 79760, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x40016000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib/libtermcap.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\340\r\0"..., 512) = 512
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=11784, ...}) = 0
old_mmap(NULL, 14856, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x4002a000
old_mmap(0x4002d000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED, 3, 0x2000) = 0x4002d000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\340\30"..., 512) = 512
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=15900, ...}) = 0
old_mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS,
-1, 0) = 0x4002e000
old_mmap(NULL, 13176, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x4002f000
old_mmap(0x40032000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED, 3, 0x2000) = 0x40032000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib/tls/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\360W\1"..., 512) = 512
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1539996, ...}) = 0
old_mmap(0x42000000, 1267276, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0)
= 0x42000000
old_mmap(0x42130000, 12288, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED, 3, 0x130000) = 0x42130000
old_mmap(0x42133000, 9804, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x42133000
close(3) = 0
old_mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS,
-1, 0) = 0x40033000
set_thread_area({entry_number:-1 -> 6, base_addr:0x40033080,
limit:1048575, seg_32bit:1, contents:0, read_exec_only:0,
limit_in_pages:1, seg_not_present:0, useable:1}) = 0
munmap(0x40016000, 79760) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK|O_LARGEFILE) = 3
close(3) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80e5b54
brk(0) = 0x80e5b54
brk(0x80e6000) = 0x80e6000
open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=31202800, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 2097152, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x40034000
close(3) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80e6000
brk(0x80e7000) = 0x80e7000
brk(0) = 0x80e7000
brk(0x80e8000) = 0x80e8000
getuid32() = 501
getgid32() = 501
geteuid32() = 501
getegid32() = 501
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
time(NULL) = 1133542092
brk(0) = 0x80e8000
brk(0x80e9000) = 0x80e9000
open("/etc/mtab", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=239, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1,
0) = 0x40016000
read(3, "/dev/hda3 / ext3 rw 0 0\nnone /pr"..., 4096) = 239
close(3) = 0
munmap(0x40016000, 4096) = 0
open("/proc/meminfo", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0444, st_size=0, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1,
0) = 0x40016000
read(3, " total: used: free:"..., 4096) = 654
close(3) = 0
munmap(0x40016000, 4096) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80e9000
brk(0x80ea000) = 0x80ea000
rt_sigaction(SIGCHLD, {SIG_DFL}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGCHLD, {SIG_DFL}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {SIG_DFL}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {SIG_DFL}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {SIG_DFL}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {SIG_DFL}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {SIG_IGN}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
uname({sys="Linux", node="redhat.workgroup.live", ...}) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80ea000
brk(0x80eb000) = 0x80eb000
stat64("/home/gayle", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0700, st_size=12288, ...}) = 0
stat64(".", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0700, st_size=12288, ...}) = 0
getpid() = 12635
getppid() = 12634
brk(0) = 0x80eb000
brk(0x80ec000) = 0x80ec000
getpgrp() = 12634
rt_sigaction(SIGCHLD, {0x8076d40, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8},
{SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
open("/usr/bin/play", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3
ioctl(3, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE, 0xbfffe600) = -1 ENOTTY (Inappropriate
ioctl for device)
_llseek(3, 0, [0], SEEK_CUR) = 0
read(3, "#!/bin/sh\n# Shell script to play"..., 80) = 80
_llseek(3, 0, [0], SEEK_SET) = 0
getrlimit(0x7, 0xbfffe668) = 0
dup2(3, 255) = 255
close(3) = 0
fcntl64(255, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0
fcntl64(255, F_GETFL) = 0x8000 (flags O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE)
fstat64(255, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=4931, ...}) = 0
_llseek(255, 0, [0], SEEK_CUR) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80ec000
brk(0x80ee000) = 0x80ee000
brk(0) = 0x80ee000
brk(0x80ef000) = 0x80ef000
open("/usr/lib/gconv/gconv-modules.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=21040, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 21040, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, 3, 0) = 0x40016000
close(3) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
read(255, "#!/bin/sh\n# Shell script to play"..., 4931) = 4931
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80ef000
brk(0x80f0000) = 0x80f0000
pipe([3, 4]) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, [INT CHLD], [33], 8) = 0
_llseek(255, -4371, [560], SEEK_CUR) = 0
clone(child_stack=0,
flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|0x11, <ignored>,
<ignored>, 0x400330c8) = 12636
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
--- SIGCHLD (Child exited) @ 0 (0) ---
wait4(-1, [WIFEXITED(s) && WEXITSTATUS(s) == 0], WNOHANG, NULL) = 12636
wait4(-1, 0xbfffdff4, WNOHANG, NULL) = -1 ECHILD (No child processes)
sigreturn() = ? (mask now [])
rt_sigaction(SIGCHLD, {0x8076d40, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8},
{0x8076d40, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8}, 8) = 0
close(4) = 0
read(3, "play\n", 128) = 5
read(3, "", 128) = 0
close(3) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, [CHLD], [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x8075dc0, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {SIG_DFL}, {0x8075dc0, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8}, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
read(255, "program_version=\"2.0\"\n\nif [ -z \""..., 4931) = 4371
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80f0000
brk(0x80f1000) = 0x80f1000
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80f1000
brk(0x80f2000) = 0x80f2000
brk(0) = 0x80f2000
brk(0x80f3000) = 0x80f3000
brk(0) = 0x80f3000
brk(0x80f4000) = 0x80f4000
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80f4000
brk(0x80f5000) = 0x80f5000
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
pipe([3, 4]) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, [INT CHLD], [33], 8) = 0
_llseek(255, -1121, [3810], SEEK_CUR) = 0
clone(child_stack=0,
flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|0x11, <ignored>,
<ignored>, 0x400330c8) = 12637
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGCHLD, {0x8076d40, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8},
{0x8076d40, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8}, 8) = 0
close(4) = 0
read(3, 0xbfffe3b0, 128) = ? ERESTARTSYS (To be restarted)
--- SIGCHLD (Child exited) @ 0 (0) ---
wait4(-1, [WIFEXITED(s) && WEXITSTATUS(s) == 0], WNOHANG, NULL) = 12637
wait4(-1, 0xbfffe054, WNOHANG, NULL) = -1 ECHILD (No child processes)
sigreturn() = ? (mask now [])
read(3, "Linux\n", 128) = 6
read(3, "", 128) = 0
close(3) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, [CHLD], [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x8075dc0, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {SIG_DFL}, {0x8075dc0, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8}, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
read(255, "case $arch in\n SunOS)\n case "..., 4931) = 1121
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
stat64(".", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0700, st_size=12288, ...}) = 0
stat64("/usr/local/bin/sox", 0xbfffe420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat64("/usr/bin/sox", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=239708, ...}) = 0
access("/usr/bin/sox", X_OK) = 0
stat64("/usr/bin/sox", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=239708, ...}) = 0
access("/usr/bin/sox", X_OK) = 0
brk(0) = 0x80f5000
brk(0x80f6000) = 0x80f6000
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, [INT CHLD], [33], 8) = 0
clone(child_stack=0,
flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|0x11, <ignored>,
<ignored>, 0x400330c8) = 12638
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, [CHLD], [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, [CHLD], [33], 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x8075dc0, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8}, {SIG_DFL}, 8) = 0
wait4(-1, [WIFEXITED(s) && WEXITSTATUS(s) == 0], 0, NULL) = 12638
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [33], NULL, 8) = 0
--- SIGCHLD (Child exited) @ 0 (0) ---
wait4(-1, 0xbfffe234, WNOHANG, NULL) = -1 ECHILD (No child processes)
sigreturn() = ? (mask now [])
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {SIG_DFL}, {0x8075dc0, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x420277b8}, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [33], 8) = 0
read(255, "", 4931) = 0
exit_group(0)
================================================
The sound card is on board:
AC97 Audio Controller (rev 50)
Subsystem: VIA Technologies, Inc.: Unknown device 4161
Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 5
I/O ports at d800 [size=256]
Capabilities: [c0] Power Management version 2
Here are the last 100 or so lines of dmesg
===========================================
agpgart: Detected Via Apollo Pro KT266 chipset
agpgart: AGP aperture is 64M @ 0xe8000000
Via 686a/8233/8235 audio driver 1.9.1-ac3rh2
PCI: Found IRQ 5 for device 00:11.5
PCI: Sharing IRQ 5 with 00:0a.0
PCI: Sharing IRQ 5 with 00:10.2
via82cxxx: Six channel audio available
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 00:11.5 to 64
ac97_codec: AC97 Audio codec, id: VIA97 (Unknown)
via82cxxx: board #1 at 0xD800, IRQ 5
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0 at scsi0, channel 0, id 0, lun 0
sr0: scsi3-mmc drive: 32x/32x writer cd/rw xa/form2 cdda tray
Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.12
NET4: Linux IPX 0.47 for NET4.0
IPX Portions Copyright (c) 1995 Caldera, Inc.
IPX Portions Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Conectiva, Inc.
NET4: AppleTalk 0.18a for Linux NET4.0
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via82cxxx: unknown number of channels
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
spurious 8259A interrupt: IRQ7.
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
lp0 off-line
via82cxxx: unknown number of channels
via82cxxx: unknown number of channels
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
hub.c: new USB device 00:10.3-5, assigned address 2
usb.c: USB device 2 (vend/prod 0x781/0x7112) is not claimed by any
active driver.
Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
usb.c: registered new driver usb-storage
scsi1 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices
Vendor: SanDisk Model: Cruzer Micro Rev: 2033
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
Attached scsi removable disk sda at scsi1, channel 0, id 0, lun 0
SCSI device sda: 256000 512-byte hdwr sectors (131 MB)
sda: Write Protect is off
sda: sda1
WARNING: USB Mass Storage data integrity not assured
USB Mass Storage device found at 2
USB Mass Storage support registered.
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
usb.c: USB disconnect on device 00:10.3-5 address 2
sda : READ CAPACITY failed.
sda : status = 1, message = 00, host = 0, driver = 08
Info fld=0xa00 (nonstd), Current sd00:00: sense key Not Ready
sda : block size assumed to be 512 bytes, disk size 1GB.
sda: test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
sda: I/O error: dev 08:00, sector 0
I/O error: dev 08:00, sector 0
unable to read partition table
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via82cxxx: unknown number of channels
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -512
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -512
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
via_audio: ignoring drain playback error -11
==========================================
Any help most appreciated. Thanks in advance.
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